Voltammetric determination of daclatasvir dihydrochloride at bimetallic Ag/Co nanoparticles modified carbon paste electrode

In this work, a sensitive and cost-effective voltammetric method was proposed for the determination of daclatasvir dihydrochloride (DAC.2HCl) at a bimetallic Ag/Co nanoparticles-modified carbon paste electrode. Potential cyclization was used for the electro-deposition of the nanoparticles. The number of potential cycles needed for deposition was optimized. Surface characterization of the prepared sensor was performed using scanning electron microscope imaging (SEM). The electroanalysis of DAC was performed using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Results of the scan rate effect indicated a dual diffusion-adsorption mechanism of DAC electrooxidation that involved two electrons. A very wide concentration range, from 5 × 10−9 to 10−4 M, was detected and divided into two segments with a low detection limit of 0.387 nM in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution/pH 2.6. The electroactivity of the developed sensor toward DAC, sensitivity, reproducibility, repeatability, robustness, and selectivity were investigated. This sensor was successfully applied for the determination of DAC in pharmaceutical and urine samples.

Disaster Collaborative Exercises for Healthcare Teamwork in a Saudi Context

This study aimed to evaluate the development of healthcare teamwork during and after the collaboration tabletop exercises, through observation and interview methods. Integration and maturity theoretical models were employed to explain the collaborative challenges in teams that may suffer from unequally distributed power, hierarchies, and fragmentation. Using three-level collaboration tabletop exercises and the Command and control, Safety, Communication, Assessment, Treatment, Triage, Transport (CSCATTT) instrument, 100 healthcare workers were observed during each step in the implementation of the CSCATTT instrument using two simulated scenarios. The results show a lack of integration and team maturity among participants in the first scenario, leading to the delayed start of the activity, task distribution, and decision making. These shortcomings were improved in the second scenario. In-depth interviews with 20 participants in the second phase of the study revealed improved knowledge and practical skills, self-confidence, and ability in team building within trans-professional groups in the second scenario, which in concordance with the integration theory, was due to the attempts made in the first scenario. Additionally, there was an improvement in the team's maturity, which in concordance with the maturity theory, was due to the knowledge and practical skills during scenario plays. These results indicate the importance of continuous tabletop training, and the use of CSCATTT as a collaborative instrument, to promote the development of collaboration and to test the concept of preparedness.

Bibliometric Analysis on Scopus with the Keyword “Music Streaming” Using Vosviewer Software

The trend of music streaming research has been carried out by many researchers. This has increased the popularity and success of music streaming in recent years. with more and more record labels and musicians acknowledging its usefulness in selling and promoting music. This research uses descriptive quantitative. As for the analysis using bibliometric analysis by collecting the results of scientific article literature obtained from Scopus with the keyword "Music Streaming". The search results of scientific papers are then exported in RIS format and processed using VOSviewer. The map of the development of articles with topics about music streaming, digital music, online music, online music purchases with the categories of article title, , keywords in the period 2002 – 2020 formed into six clusters. The first cluster is red (digital music subscription, mobile shopping, continuance, confirmation, digital distribution), the second cluster is green (consumer, utaut2, applicability, music streaming), the third cluster is blue (flow experience, critical mass, continuance intention, music consumption), the fourth cluster is yellow (piracy, license, music, consumer behavior), the fifth cluster is purple (social presence, interactivity, streaming, Spotify, copyright, digitalization, publishing industry, media distribution) and the sixth cluster is orange (technology acceptance model, TAM, covid-19, freemium, online streaming, generation Y).

A SURVEY STUDY ON DISINFECTANTS USE AMONG EGYPTIANS FOR CORONA VIRUS PROTECTION” KNOWLEDGE, PRACTICE AND TOXICITY”

During COVID-19 pandemic;regular use of disinfectant become a must leading some times to misuse and many cases of toxicities appear. To examine toxicity correlates of Egyptian disinfectant misuse during the COVID-19 pandemic. Self-report online survey conducted between;September 2nd to September 16th, 2020 of Adults from the Egypt recruited via social media. Outcomes included Socio-demographic and baseline characteristics of the participants (Age, Sex, Educational level, Residence, type of Work, Work require direct contact with people, frequency and type disinfectant use), Knowledge and practice of the studied participants about utilization of disinfectant during the COVID 19 pandemic, Prevalence of toxicity with disinfectant, mode of exposure and manifestations among the participants during COVID 19 pandemic, of toxicity symptoms duration and attitude of management. Correlates are risk factors for toxicity exposure, satisfaction factors of practice and knowledge of disinfectants utilization. The participants included 558 adults (mean=30.9, 73.3% female). Most of participants show satisfactory knowledge 64.3% and practice 84.6% of disinfectant utilization during the pandemic. Disinfectant toxicity occurred in 31.5% mainly through skin contact 40.9% and inhalation 37.5%. Multiple respiratory 93% and dermal 83% were the main symptoms of toxicity. The toxicity symptoms continue for hours 30.7% with 50% home management without consultation. Female sex, regular use of disinfectant and bad ventilation were risk factors for toxicity exposure. Conclusions: Public messaging should continue to emphasize avoidance of high-risk practices such as unsafe preparation of cleaning and disinfectant solutions and inhalation or ingestion of cleaners and disinfectants with that message to prevent transmission of COVID 19 in household settings.

Highly Sensitive and Selective Sensing Probe for Determination of Anti-Covid-19 Remdesvir: Application to Pharmaceutical Dosage Form and Biological Fluids

We reported the first investigational electrochemical study for Remdesvir (REM). REM is a promising antiviral agent used recently for the treatment of the most dangerous pandemic disease nowadays (COVID-19). Anionic surfactant, silica nanoparticles, and multiwall carbon nanotubes modified carbon paste (SDS/SiO2/MWCNT/CPE) sensor was designed to introduce our approach. The results revealed irreversible diffusion oxidative reaction of REM with two well-defined peaks (E1/V = 1.19, E2/V = 1.35) in 0.1 M phosphate buffer of pH 6 using differential pulse (DP) voltammetry. A linear relationship between the peak current and the drug concentration was established over the concentration range of 1.66 × 10-7-3.52 × 10-6 M (100-200 ng ml-1) with a limit of detection (LOD) of 4.80 × 10-8 M and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 8.0 × 10-8 M and mean % recovery ± % RSD of 99.05 ± 1.94. The proposed method succeeded in the determination of the drug in its pharmaceutical dosage form, in human plasma with and human urine samples. Finally, the method was validated according to ICH guidelines and FDA guidance for the determination of the drug in biological fluids. The developed data was found to be in good agreement with a validated reported method. © 2022 The Electrochemical Society ("ECS").

Synthetic Target Domain Supervision for Open Retrieval QA

Neural passage retrieval is a new and promising approach in open retrieval question answering. In this work, we stress-test the Dense Passage Retriever (DPR) - -a state-of-the-art (SOTA) open domain neural retrieval model - -on closed and specialized target domains such as COVID-19, and find that it lags behind standard BM25 in this important real-world setting. To make DPR more robust under domain shift, we explore its fine-tuning with synthetic training examples, which we generate from unlabeled target domain text using a text-to-text generator. In our experiments, this noisy but fully automated target domain supervision gives DPR a sizable advantage over BM25 in out-of-domain settings, making it a more viable model in practice. Finally, an ensemble of BM25 and our improved DPR model yields the best results, further pushing the SOTA for open retrieval QA on multiple out-of-domain test sets. © 2021 ACM.

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with covid-19 in children: The spectrum of clinical presentation, myocardial involvement and treatment outcome

Objective: To determine the spectrum of clinical presentation, multisystem involvement and treatment outcome in children with MIS-C. Study Design: A descriptive cohort study Place and Duration of Study: Conducted at The Children's Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore from May 15, 2020 to November 22, 2020. Material and Methods: Children (aged 0-16 years) with features of this new inflammatory syndrome who fulfilled the WHO criteria for MIS-C and required admission to hospital were prospectively identified. Demographic and clinical data were collected from patient records and entered on a predesigned proforma and results were analyzed on SPSS 20. Results: A total of 24 patients were enrolled in the study. Majority were males (17/24, 70%). Mean age of presentation was 7.3 years. Six patients (25%) had a positive PCR for SARS CoV-2 but none of the patients had been symptomatic with classic COVID-19 respiratory symptoms in the 6 weeks prior to admission. Comorbid conditions were present in only 2 patients (8%). SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were positive for 23/24 patients (96%). Despite being clinically unwell, with laboratory evidence of elevated C-reactive protein, ferritin, and D-dimers, no pathological organism was isolated in any of the 24 children. There were two major presentations: one as atypical or typical Kawasaki disease (18 of 24, 75%) and a more severe second one with shock or low cardiac output (6 of 24, 25%). Common presenting features were fever, body aches, and abdominal pain. Four out of 24 (16%) patients had sufficient criteria for typical Kawasaki disease, whereas 18 children (75%) presented more sub acutely with presentation resembling Kawasaki disease;all had at least two features of classic Kawasaki. Myocardial dysfunction seen in 3 patients (12%) and pericardial effusion was observed in 5 patients (20%). Coronary artery dilatation was seen in 12 (50%) patients. All 6 children with shock-like presentation had coronary artery involvement. Twenty children (83%) received intravenous immunoglobulin within the first 2 days of their stay. Thirteen (54%) patients received therapeutic anticoagulation (enoxaparin) on the basis of the high risk of thromboembolism and number of D-dimers. There was one death (4%). Conclusion: The SARS-COV 19 pandemic led to the identification of a new and potentially life-threating childhood disease, referred to as MIS-C. Prompt diagnosis and early treatment with IVIGs has shown a good early outcome. .